S3001

S3101 (old T3101) check this out: S3001-S3002.doc This is a pretty short and chill flight. You'll start with a few abbreviated BI maneuvers, just to remind you how the sim works, and then you'll come down to 150' and start doing the search patterns: Sector, then Expanding Square, and then Creeping Line. The instructor will tell you a bit more about how exactly to fly these than what's in the Tactics FTI. As the pilot, you shouldn't be doing much thinking--give your copilot a copy of the search pattern images, and let him keep track of where you are, how far each leg is, and when/where to turn.

To save a waypoint at your present position on the GPS, press Save Ent Dir Ent. To enter a supplementary GPS waypoint (which you'll do off the start), on the right side go to the SUP page, press Crsr on the right, set in a unique waypoint name, select User Pos and press Ent. Use the right knob to scroll down to the Lat/Long section and enter the given latitude first, then press Ent, then enter the given longitude, and press Ent.

=Instrument takeoff=
 * 1. With clearance for takeoff and a five-foot hover check completed, the instructor will position the aircraft on the runway aligned with runway heading and transfer the controls.
 * 2. Trim the controls in the neutral position. Smoothly and slowly raise the collective until light on the skids. Adjust the controls to prevent drift. As the aircraft leaves the runway surface, smoothly and slowly lower the nose to no more than 3 ° below the horizon. Simultaneously raise the collective until 5% above hover torque is attained.
 * 3. Maintain takeoff power, confirm you are in a climb, remain wings level, and maintain runway heading with pedals
 * 4. Upon reaching translational lift, smoothly lower the nose to no more than 5 ° below the horizon and recheck torque
 * 5. Maintain runway heading with pedals with wings level until reaching 65 kias
 * 6. Upon reaching 65 kias, center the ball and maintain runway heading with att.
 * 7. Maintain power and attitude until reaching 70 kias. Upon reaching 70 kias maintain 70 kt climb attitude with takeoff power until reaching level off point. The level off point will be computed by subtracting 10% of the climb rate from level off altitude.

=Shipboard Terminology=

Terms in bold are frequently asked.

* ANCHORED- Am orbiting a visible orbit point * ANGELS- Aircraft altitude (in thousands of feet) * ARK- Air droppable life raft * BENT- Equipment indicated is inoperative (temporarily or indefinitely). Canceled by OKAY. * '''BINGO- Proceed/proceeding to alternate or specified field or carrier. (Not home field or carrier)''' * BOWWAVE- Weather report giving bases and tops of clouds, wind, visibility, significant weather, sea state * BROWNIE- Photographic devices * BUSTER- Fly at maximum continuous speed (or power) * CANDLE- Night illumination device * CHERUBS- Height of friendly aircraft in hundreds of feet, or fly, or am flying at height indicated in hundreds of feet * COFFEE BREAK- Scheduled communication period * CREW- Any Navy aircraft at scene of action * DATUM- Last known position of a submarine or suspected submarine, after contact has been lost * DAVEY JONES- Survivor in the sea without lifejacket * DAVID- Provide advisory control for search aircraft * DEAF- Any surface ship at scene of action * DUCKBUTT- Aircraft assigned to perform precautionary SAR. Performs secondary role as NAVAID to passing aircraft providing tracking, homing, and steering information, as well as position and weather reports when required * DUFFER- DF-equipped unit * DUMBO- Call sign for amphibious SAR aircraft * ELEVATE- Change altitude to feet * ELLEN- Operate radar continuously * EVERGREEN- Dye marker showing in water * EXCITE- Energize specified equipment * FAMISHED- Have you any instructions or information for me? * FATHER- TACAN * FEAR- Any aircraft or ship at scene of action * FEET DRY- I am, or contact designated is over land * FEET WET- I am, or contact designated is over water * FLOTSAM- Unclassified contact * GADGET- Radar equipment * GOODYEAR- Life raft (followed by number of survivors) * HAWK- Any Air Force aircraft at scene of action I   * HIGH DRINK- Helicopter in-flight refueling from a destroyer * HOOKER- Fishing or other small craft * HUGO- Any Army aircraft at scene of action * LIFEGUARD- Submarine or surface ship designated for SAR operations or a submarine or surface ship stationed geographically for precautionary SAR assistance. Also the name of the unit designated to recover a man overboard for vessels conducting alongside operations. * LINK AIRCRAFT- I am calling by flashing light. * LONE RANGER- Dispatch aircraft for independent assignment * MIDDLEMAN- Communication relay that requires receipt and subsequent manual retransmission * MOTHER- Parent ship (usually the parent carrier) * NOCAN- Unable to comply (with instructions) * NOJOY- I have been unsuccessful or I have no information * OKAY- Equipment indicated is operative * ORANGES SOUR- Weather is unsuitable for aircraft mission * ORANGES SWEET- Weather is suitable for aircraft mission * OVERRIDE- Positive control of aircraft is being employed * PARROT- A military IFF transponder * PEDRO- Rescue helicopter * PIGEONS- The magnetic bearing and distance of base for (unit indicated) from you is ___ degrees ___miles * PLUTO- Call sign for shore-based SAR aircraft * POPEYE- In clouds or area of reduced visibility. * PREVIEW- Advisory control of aircraft is being employed. Aircraft report changes in heading, altitude, and speed. * RESCAP- Rescue Combat Air Patrol; provides protection to rescue vehicles from hostile forces during all phases of SAR * RESCUE- (Location) SAR Coordination Center at (location) * REVERT- Resume search on the previous intercept guard (watch) * RIALTO- Call sign for any or all SAR aircraft * SAR- Search and rescue * SAPPHIRE- SAR boat (number) * SCENE COMMANDER- On-scene SAR commander * SICK- Equipment indicated is operating at reduced efficiency * SMOKE- Smoke markers used to mark a position or datum * STRANGER- An unidentified contact not associated with action in progress (bearing, range, and altitude relative to you) * STRANGLE- Switch off equipment indicated * TIFF- (Location) Senior Coordination Center at location * TOOL- Ship that I am calling (Air to Surface) * WELL- Equipment indicated is operating efficiently * X RAY- A ship's ASCAC (call sign) * YELLOW JACKET- Survivor in the sea wearing a lifejacket * ZIP LIP- Hold UHF communication to a minimum

=SAR Patterns=

Parallel Patterns:
The pure parallel pattern is not typically flown in the sim. You will do the creeping line instead. Description:


 * Used for a large search area where only approx initial position is known and equal probability the target is anywhere in the search area.

Procedures:


 * Enter four user defined points in the GPS (corners of the search area)
 * Enter search area abeam one of the waypoints with an offset equal to ½ S
 * Fly to point abeam furthest adjacent corner waypoint.
 * Turn to reenter Search Area abeam waypoint and offset 1½ S

Creeping Line Patterns:
Description:


 * Specialized version of parallel. Used when probable location of the target is thought to be on either side of a line between two points and there is more chance of the target being in one end of the search area than the other.

Procedure:


 * Use same procedure as parallel search but enter at the waypoint nearest probable location of search object.
 * After entering, fly abeam nearest adjacent waypoint offset by ½ S

Square Patterns
Description:


 * Used to search small area where some doubt exists about the Initial Position.
 * Provide more uniform coverage than a sector search and may be expanded.
 * Expanding square search if start from DATUM and go outward.

Procedure:


 * Enter DATUM into the GPS as user-defined waypoint.
 * Turn to nearest cardinal radial.
 * Start clock.
 * Use TK function to determine crab to track the radial
 * Track outbound until reaching desired S
 * Note time, and turn right 90 ° SRT
 * Start clock.
 * Upon reaching time for first leg, turn right 90 SRT
 * Start clock.
 * Use twice initial timing.
 * Repeat.

Sector Patterns (V)
Description:


 * Used when Initial Position is reliable or Search Area is not extensive and a concentrated effort is desired at DATUM because target is hard to detect.

Procedures:
 * Enter DATUM as user-defined waypoint in GPS.
 * Turn to nearest cardinal heading.
 * A 60° search is usually used making nine equal legs.
 * Upon reaching search radius, turn right and execute a point to point solution to the next inbound radial. Intercept radial and track inbound.
 * Upon reaching search area radius, turn right and repeat.
 * To determine distance traveled in a sector search, multiply radius by 9.
 * To determine total time for a search, divide distance traveled by speed.

Gouge:


 * 1. Fly over your datum, have your copilot hit save on the GPS.
 * 2. Turn to a cardinal heading, make sure you are in OBS mode and NAV 2.
 * 3. Fly for two miles.
 * 4. When you make your first right turn: Turn to the fourth (120° to the right) numbered heading. That will be your point to point.
 * 5. Have your co-pliot twist in the second (60 degrees) into your HSI.
 * 6. When your HSI centers up, turn and track inbound.

Windline rescue pattern
The goal of SAR is the rescue. Once a survivor is found, a rescue must be commenced. The Type of rescue pattern used will be determined by whether it is day or night.


 * a) Day rescue: NEVER TAKE EYES OFF SURVIVOR
 * b) Night rescue: Windline rescue pattern permits crew to safely conduct a night/IMC rescue in minimal time. Only A/C with coupled hover system use it.

PROCEDURES:


 * 1) Perform Landing Checklist, assume control of helo, and report on instruments. Upon passing over the survivor, simulate deploying smokes or matrix lights and call, “on top, simulated smokes/lights away.”
 * 2) Utilizing SRT, turn either downwind or to place the wind on the nearest 45 ° benchmark in the lower half of the RMI. Start clock either when established on 45 ° to downwind line, or abeam the survivor heading downwind.
 * 3) A combination of wind velocity and time downwind totaling 25 usually suffices (i.e. wind velocity 10 knots, time for 15 seconds, wind velocity 25 or greater, just keep turning until in the wind.
 * 4) After time has elapsed, commence turn inbound to survivor. Crew keeps survivor in sight and advises on more or less turn required.”stand by to roll out” followed by “roll out”
 * 5) Once a/c has established wings level and is oriented into the windline, maneuver is complete.

=Low-Level scan using radar altimeter=

Set Pilot radalt to ALT – 125. Set CoPilot radalt to ALT – 100. If it goes off, don’t reset horn with the button, fix it!!! =Vertigo=

Vertigo is the false sensation which convinces the pilot that his aircraft is in a particular attitude, when in actuality it is in an entirely different position relative to the horizon. Disorientation usually occurs when there is no reference to the horizon (most commonly during instrument flight). Fatigue, turbulence, dim lighting, flying in and out of a broken layer, and various IFR conditions all contribute to the onset of vertigo.

To prevent unsafe situations during flight when the flying pilot is possibly experiencing vertigo / disorientation, both pilot and co-pilot must strive to maintain situational awareness. Aircrew must maintain an accurate perception of the external environment, and detect situations early that require action. ((The preceeding is from "The Coastie Gouge" and/or Conner Gouge))

If any of the following limits are exceeded, inform PAC. If not corrected, advise again. If not corrected, assume controls and recover A/C. If less than 1000’, assume controls after first challenge is not corrected.


 * 1. AOB > 30°
 * 2. Rate of descent/climb > 1,000 fpm
 * 3. Airspeed errors > 10 KIAS
 * 4. Altitude errors > 100’
 * 5. Heading errors of > 10°